private life,” (73) he was really recording the effect and 
meaning of the printed word in separating writer and reader, 
producer and consumer, ruler and ruled, into sharply defined 
categories. Before printing these operations were much 
interfused in the same way as the scribe as producer was 
involved in reading, and the student was involved in the making 
of the books he studied.

     It cannot be easily grasped, else it had been explained 
long ago, that the mechanical principle of visual uniformity and 
repeatability which is inherent in the press steadily extended 
itself to include many kinds of organization. Malynes wrote in 
his Lex Mercatoria  (1622): “We see how one thing driveth or 
enforceth another, like as in a clock where there are many 
wheels, the first wheel being stirred driveth the next and that 
the third and so forth, till the last that moveth the instrument